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LJ100 Fertility Research

Sexual behavior and mating Studies:
3 sets of 4 groups of mice consisting of 3 female and 1 male.
•Gp 1 treated with saline.
•Gp 2 female treated with extract, male with saline.
•Gp 3 both male and female treated with extract.
•Gp 4  male treated with extract, female with saline.
•Treatment carried out for 7 days and rested for 2 days before mating.  

 Observations of the treated animals:

•  The treated males very aggressive sexually.
• The testicles of the treated males very well developed.
• If the males were placed together in the same cage they start to mount each other.

No. of mountings and litter size:

Group	30 min	60 min	Litter Size	Male:Female
1	5	4	7	1:1
2	2	0	4	1:1
3	6	5	10	3:1
4	15	10	16	3:1

Male mice treated with LJ100^® yielded a litter size up to 76% larger than the control group.  The number of male offspring in the treated group was also higher than the control group. The control group shows a ration of 1:1 male:female offspring. This result was in agreement with the theoretical postulation, which states that there is a 50:50 chance to get a female or male offspring in a mating combination. Mice treated showed a 3:1 ration of male:female offspring. This difference reflects the extract's preference toward the production of male offspring. Increase in litter size might be due to:

• elevated amount of energetic sperms reaching the ova  increase fertilization rate
• the extract may cause the zygote after fertilization to split producing twin
•  specific binding of the component in the extract to specific protein in the y-sperm which upon
  fertilization leads to the splitting of the zygoyte, hence increase in male litter size

While the actual mechanism of the phenomenon is not yet known and will require further study, it is postulated that the extract may have a selective action towards the Y sperm during spermatogenesis or it prefers to enhance the development and fertilization of Y sperm. This can be the result of the Y sperm requiring smaller amount of genetic material, which causes the reduction of volume and weight. If the motility rate of sperm is much higher due to glycolysis and the postulated synergism of the increased energy metabolism of the sperm exists, these factors would combine in allowing the Y sperm preference in fertilizing the ova.      In Vitro Studies in Human Testes (Combined Studies)  Conclusions:

• Increased energy production through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.
• Increased ATP and Cyclical GMP in penile tissues.
• Elevated sperm concetration and % of motility rate.
• Increased % of progressive rapid movement of sperm.

Parameters observed	LJ100 Extract	Control
Sperm concentration (Millions/ml)	123.26 ±19.52	77.93 ±13.93
% of progressive sperm	26.62 ±9.64	20.83 ±4.40
% of motile sperm	88.00 ±13.47	62.67 ±10.05

 

Velocity parameters	LJ100 Extract	Control
Rapid  (%)	86.28 ±7.91	43.14 ±7.10
VAP  (mm/s)	85.44 ±14.37	58.47 ±11.12
VSL   (mm/s)	60.22 ±13.26	43.22 ±8.84
VCL   (mm/s)	141.70 ±29.09	117.77 ±17.49